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1.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 82(6): 495-500, Nov.-Dec. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1038698

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To assess the relationship between pseudoexfoliation syndrome and incidence of complications and related clinical factors in patients undergoing cataract surgery. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 503 of 551 patients who underwent phacoemulsification surgery over 2 years in a health care district in Northwest Spain. In total, 120 of 681 eyes undergoing the procedure had pseudoexfoliation syndrome. Data on the surgical procedure and associated complications were extracted from the medical record. Complications included any combination of posterior capsular rupture, vitreous loss, zonular dialysis, and nuclear or lens luxation. Results: We found a significant association between pseudoexfoliation syndrome and zonular dialysis (odds ratio [OR], 6.89; 95% CI, 2.27-20.93), intraoperative miosis (OR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.10-4.22), and lens luxation >1.5 mm (OR, 9.49; 95% CI, 0.85-105.54). However, when adjusting for the overall risk of complications in pseudoexfoliation syndrome patients in consideration of myopia, use of anticoagulants or α-agonists, previous mydriasis, and anterior chamber length, the OR decreased to 1.02 (95% CI, 0.47-2.21) and was therefore not significant. Conclusion: Zonular dialysis and intraoperative miosis were intraoperative complications in cataract surgery patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome when compared to controls.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre a síndrome de pseudoexfoliação e a prevalência de complicações e fatores clínicos relacionados em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de catarata. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo de coorte de 503 de 551 pacientes que se submeteram à cirurgia de facoemulsificação durante 2 anos em um distrito de saúde no noroeste da Espanha. No total, 120 dos 681 olhos submetidos ao procedimento apresentavam síndrome de pseudoexfoliação. Dados sobre o procedimento cirúrgico e complicações associadas foram obtidos dos prontuários médicos. As complicações incluíram qualquer combinação de ruptura da cápsula posterior, perda de humor vítreo, diálise zonular e luxação do núcleo ou do cristalino. Resultados: Encontramos uma associação significativa entre síndrome de pseudoexfoliação e diálise zonular (razão de probabilidade [RP]: 6,89; IC 95%, 2,27-20,93), a miose perioperatória (RP: 2,15; IC 95%, 1,10-4,22) e luxação do cristalino >1,5 mm (RP: 9,49; IC 95%, 0,85-105,54). Porém, ao ajustar para o risco global de complicações em pacientes com síndrome de pseudoexfolição em consideração à miopia, uso de anticoagulantes ou α-agonistas, midríase prévia e comprimento da câmara anterior, a RP diminuiu para 1,02 (IC 95%, 0,47-2,21) e não foi, portanto, significativo. Conclusão: A diálise zonular e a miose intraoperatória foram complicações intraoperatórias em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de catarata com síndrome de pseudoexfoliação quando comparados aos controles.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cataract/complications , Exfoliation Syndrome/complications , Phacoemulsification/adverse effects , Intraoperative Complications/epidemiology , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Spain/epidemiology , Time Factors , Cataract/physiopathology , Cataract/epidemiology , Visual Acuity , Logistic Models , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Follow-Up Studies , Exfoliation Syndrome/physiopathology , Exfoliation Syndrome/epidemiology , Statistics, Nonparametric
2.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 79(5): 323-327, Sept.-Oct. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-827969

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To analyze the intrasession and intersession repeatability of contrast sensitivity (CS) measurements in patients with glaucoma, cataract, or age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and healthy controls. Methods: CS measurements were performed using the OPTEC-Functional Vision Analyzer (FVA), which uses a standardized and closed (view-in) system. Measurements for patients with glaucoma, cataract, or AMD and healthy controls were repeated within 30 minutes (intrasession) and during two sessions (intersession), separated by one week to one month. Test-retest reliability and correlation were measured using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and coefficient of repeatability (COR). Results: Ninety subjects (90 eyes) with visual acuity of 0.17 logMAR or higher in the cataract group or 0.00 logMAR in the other groups were included. During the first session, the ICC values were 0.87, 0.90, 0.76, and 0.69, and COR values were 0.24, 0.20, 0.38, and 0.25 for the control, glaucoma, cataract, and AMD groups, respectively. The reliability scores significantly improved during the second session, except in the glaucoma group. There was an acceptable floor effect and no ceiling effect at higher frequencies in the glaucoma and AMD groups. Conclusion: In subjects with good visual acuity, the FVA system is useful for evaluating CS and demonstrates good repeatability, as shown by ICC and COR. Because there is no ceiling effect, this system is beneficial for evaluation of early changes in CS, particularly in patients with glaucoma or AMD.


RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a reprodutibilidade intrassessão e intersessão das medidas de sensibilidade ao contraste (CS) em pacientes com degeneração macular relacionada à idade (AMD), glaucoma e catarata. Método: As medidas de CS foram feitas pelo OPTEC-Funcional Visão Analyzer (FVA), que utiliza um sistema padronizado e fechado de avaliação da acuidade visual. Medidas em pacientes com AMD, glaucoma, catarata e nos controles saudáveis foram repetidas no prazo de 30 minutos (intrassessão) em duas visitas (intersessão), separadas por uma semana a um mês. A confiabilidade e correlação teste-reteste foram calculados por meio do coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (ICC) e coeficiente de reprodutibilidade (COR). Resultados: Noventa olhos de 90 indivíduos foram recrutados com acuidade visual de 0,17 logMAR ou melhor em catarata e 0,00 logMAR nos outros grupos. A confiabilidade da CS na primeira visita dos grupos normal, glaucoma, catarata e AMD foram, respectivamente, ICC 0,87; 0,90; 0,76; 0,69, e COR 0,24; 0,20; 0,38; 0,25. Os índices de confiabilidade foram significativamente melhorados nas segundas visitas, exceto no grupo glaucoma. Houve um efeito chão aceitável e nenhum efeito teto em frequências mais altas nos grupos glaucoma e AMD. Conclusões: Em indivíduos com boa acuidade visual, o sistema FVA de avaliação da CS é útil e apresenta boa confiabilidade, como mostrado pelas análises de ICC e COR. Por não apresentar efeito teto, este sistema parece ser benéfico para a avaliação das alterações precoces de CS, especialmente no glaucoma e AMD.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Cataract/physiopathology , Contrast Sensitivity/physiology , Glaucoma/physiopathology , Macular Degeneration/physiopathology , Reference Values , Time Factors , Vision Tests/instrumentation , Vision Tests/methods , Cataract/diagnosis , Case-Control Studies , Glaucoma/diagnosis , Prospective Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Age Factors , Statistics, Nonparametric , Macular Degeneration/diagnosis
3.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 74(3): 183-188, Mar. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-777131

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The purpose of the study was to evaluate the frequency of ophthalmologic abnormalities in a cohort of myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) patients and to correlate them with motor function. We reviewed the pathophysiology of cataract and low intraocular pressure (IOP). Method Patients were included after clinical and laboratory diagnosis and after signed informed consent. They were evaluated by Motor Function Measure scale, Portuguese version (MFM-P) and ophthalmic protocol. Results We evaluated 42 patients aged 17 to 64 years (mean 40.7 ± 12.5), 22 of which were men. IOP (n = 41) was reduced in all but one. We found cataract or positivity for surgery in 38 (90.48%) and ptosis in 23 (54.76%). These signs but not IOP were significantly correlated with severity of motor dysfunction. Abnormalities in ocular motility and stereopsis were observed. Conclusion Cataract and ptosis are frequent in DM1 and associated to motor dysfunction. Reduced IOP is also common, but appears not to be related with motor impairment.


RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a frequência das anormalidades oftalmológicas em uma coorte de pacientes com distrofia miotônica tipo 1 (DM1) correlacionando-as à função motora. Revisamos a fisiopatogenia da catarata e baixa pressão intraocular (PIO). Método Os pacientes foram incluídos após diagnóstico clínico-laboratorial de DM1. Aqueles que assinaram o termo de participação foram avaliados pela escala medida da função motora, versão em português (MFM-P) e protocolo oftalmológico. Resultados Avaliamos 42 pacientes de 17 a 64 anos (média 40,7 ± 12,5), 22 do sexo masculino. Encontramos catarata ou positividade de cirurgia em 38 (90,48%) e blefaroptose em 23 (54,76%) e esses sinais foram correlacionados significativamente à maior gravidade da disfunção motora. Baixa PIO também foi comum e não correlacionada à gravidade motora. Alterações da motilidade ocular e de estereopsia ocorreram. Conclusão Catarata e ptose palpebral são frequentes na DM1 e associadas à gravidade motora. Baixa PIO é comum e parece ser independente da evolução motora.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Blepharoptosis/etiology , Cataract/etiology , Intraocular Pressure/physiology , Myotonic Dystrophy/complications , Blepharoptosis/physiopathology , Cataract/physiopathology , Myotonic Dystrophy/physiopathology
4.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 79(1): 19-23, Jan.-Feb. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-771898

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the ocular axial length (AL) and keratometry (K) in Brazilian children with congenital/developmental cataract, assess the differences and evolution of AL and K according to age, and establish functional models of AL and K as function of age. Methods: Children with congenital/developmental cataract aged 1.5 months old to 8 years old and no other ocular diseases were included. All eyes with unilateral cataract, the left eyes from children with bilateral cataracts, and healthy eyes from children with unilateral cataract were analyzed. After the administration of anesthesia, K was measured with a portable automatic keratometer, and AL was measured with a contact biometer. Cataract surgery was performed immediately after the measurements were taken. The data were statistically analyzed, and a linear regression with an age logarithm was used to model the relationship. Results: Forty-four eyes with cataract were included in this analysis, comprising 15 eyes with unilateral cataract and 29 left eyes from children with bilateral cataracts. The mean age was 27.3 months with a mean AL of 20.63 ± 2.11 mm and a mean K of 44.94 ± 2.44 D. The K value was significantly steeper and the AL value was significantly shorter in younger children (P< 0.001). No significant differences were found neither between eyes with unilateral and bilateral cataracts nor between eyes with unilateral cataract and their corresponding healthy eyes (P >0.05). Conclusion: The values of K and AL significantly change with age, especially during the first 6 months of life. A linear functional relationship between K and AL with the logarithm of age and between K and AL was established.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o comprimento axial (AL) e a ceratometria (K) de olhos de crianças brasileiras com catarata congênita/desenvolvimento, analisar diferenças e evoluções de acordo com a idade e estabelecer modelos funcionais de comprimento axial e ceratometria em função da idade e entre eles. Métodos: Crianças com catarata congênita/desenvolvimento com idade de 1,5 meses a 8 anos de idade e sem outras doenças oculares foram incluídas. Todos os olhos com catarata unilateral, o olho esquerdo de crianças com catarata bilateral e o olho sadio de crianças com catarata unilateral foram analisados. Após a administração de anestesia, a ceratometria foi obtida com um ceratômetro automático portátil e o comprimento axial medido com um biômetro de contato. Em seguida, a cirurgia de catarata foi realizada. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente, a regressão linear com o logaritmo da idade foi utilizado para modelar os relacionamentos. Resultados: Todos os olhos com catarata unilateral (n=15) e um olho selecionados aleatoriamente a partir dos casos bilaterais (n=29) foram incluídos na análise (total= 44 olhos). A idade média foi de 27,3 meses, as médias do comprimento axial e da ceratometria foram respectivamente 20,63 ± 2,11 mm e 44,94 ± 2,44 dioptrias. A ceratometria foi significativamente mais curvo e comprimento axial significantemente mais curto em crianças mais jovens (P<0,001). Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas na comparação entre os olhos com cataratas unilaterais e bilaterais e comparando os olhos com catarata unilateral a correspondentes olhos saudáveis (P>0,05). Conclusão: Os valores de ceratometria e comprimento axial mudam significativamente com a idade, principalmente nos primeiros seis meses de vida. Foi estabelecida uma relação funcional linear entre comprimento axial e ceratometria com o logaritmo da idade e entre ceratometria e comprimento axial.


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Axial Length, Eye/pathology , Cataract/congenital , Cataract/pathology , Cornea/pathology , Age Factors , Brazil , Biometry/methods , Cataract/physiopathology , Linear Models , Reference Values , Retrospective Studies
5.
Yonsei Medical Journal ; : 1236-1242, 2016.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-79768

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The objective was to evaluate the effect of co-implantation of a preloaded capsular tension ring (CTR) and aberration-free monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) on clinical outcomes and visual quality after cataract surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients who underwent cataract surgery were randomized into two groups that were implanted with a CTR and IOL (group 1, 26 eyes) or an IOL only (group 2, 26 eyes). At 1 and 3 months after surgery, visual acuity, refractive errors, refractive prediction errors, ocular aberrations, and modulation transfer function (MTF) were analyzed. At 3 months postoperatively, anterior chamber depth (ACD) and contrast sensitivity were evaluated. RESULTS: Group 1 showed greater hyperopic shift, which caused the refractive prediction error at 3 months after surgery to be significantly different between the two groups (p=0.049). Differences in ACD between the preoperative and postoperative periods tended to be greater in group 1 than in group 2. At 3 months postoperatively, internal MTF values at 20, 25, and 30 cycles per degree were significantly better in group 1 than in group 2 (p=0.034, 0.017, and 0.017, respectively). Contrast sensitivity showed comparable results at almost all spatial frequencies between the groups. CONCLUSION: Regarding visual acuity and quality, both groups showed comparable results. Co-implantation of a CTR and aberration-free monofocal IOL was associated with hyperopic refractive outcomes. Surgeons should consider the position of the IOL when planning co-implantation of a CTR and IOL.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cataract/physiopathology , Cataract Extraction , Contrast Sensitivity , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/instrumentation , Postoperative Period , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
7.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 77(6): 373-376, Nov-Dec/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-735795

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To evaluate whether implantation of an aspheric intraocular lens (IOL) results in reduced ocular aberrations and improved contrast sensitivity after cataract surgery and, therefore, changes on frequency-doubling technology (FDT) testing. Methods: The present prospective clinical study enrolled 25 patients with bilateral cataract (50 eyes), who randomly received either an aspheric (Akreos AO) or a spherical (Akreos Fit) IOL in one eye and the other IOL in the second eye. Assessment 12 months postoperatively included photopic and mesopic contrast sensitivity testing. Higher-order aberrations (HOAs) were computed. FDT testing was divided into four areas to evaluate the variation of the values at different points. The median values of the local pattern thresholds (median area contrast sensitivity [MACS]) obtained with that division were calculated. Results: The Akreos AO group obtained statistically significantly lower values of HOAs and spherical aberration compared with the Akreos Fit group. There was a statistically significant between-group difference in contrast sensitivity under mesopic conditions at all spatial frequencies. No statistically significant differences were observed in mean deviation and pattern standard deviation. The aspheric IOL exhibited higher MACS in all areas, although a statistically significant difference was reached only in the 20-degree field area (P=0.043). Conclusion: Aspheric IOLs significantly reduced spherical aberration and HOAs, improving mesopic contrast sensitivity. Although there was a trend toward slightly improved FDT in the aspheric IOL group, it was not statistically significant. .


Objetivo: Avaliar se o implante de uma lente intraocular (LIO) asférica reduz a aberração ocular (alta ordem e esférica), melhora a sensibilidade ao contraste e consequentemente, provoca mudanças nos valores da perimetria de frequência dupla (FDT ). Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo prospectivo envolvendo 25 pacientes com catarata bilateral (50 olhos) que foram randomizados para receberem uma LIO asférica (Akreos AO) em um olho e uma LIO esfércia (Akreos Fit) no olho contralateral. Com 12 meses de pós-operatório a sensibilidade ao contraste (condições fotópicas e mesópicas) e a aberração de alta ordem foram computados. A FDT foi dividida em 4 áreas para análise da variação dos valores em diferentes localizações. Os valores médios dos limiares locais (área média de sensibilidade ao contraste [MACS]) obtidos com essa divisão foram calculados. Resultados: O grupo da Akreos AO apresentou menores valores de aberração de alta ordem e aberração esférica. Houve diferença estatisticamente significativa na sensibilidade ao contraste em condições mesópicas em todas frequências. Não houve diferença estatística nos valores do mean deviation e pattern standard deviation da FDT. A LIO asférica apresentou maiores MACS em todas as áreas, embora diferença estatística foi encontrada apenas na área de 20 graus de campo visual (P=0,043). Conclusões: A lente asférica reduziu significativamente a quantidade de aberração de alta ordem e esférica, melhorando a sensibilidade ao contraste em condições mesópicas. Embora houve uma melhora nos valores da FDT no grupo da LIO asférica, essa diferença não foi estatisticamente significativa. .


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cataract Extraction/methods , Lenses, Intraocular , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/methods , Aberrometry , Contrast Sensitivity , Cataract/pathology , Cataract/physiopathology , Organ Size , Prospective Studies , Prosthesis Design , Pupil/physiology , Reference Values , Refractive Errors/physiopathology , Statistics, Nonparametric , Treatment Outcome
8.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 77(3): 143-147, May-Jun/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-723840

ABSTRACT

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of strabismus and chronological, etiological, and morphological features in patients with pediatric cataracts. Methods: Medical records of pediatric patients were evaluated at the Congenital Cataract Section, Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of São Paulo, from 2001 to 2011. Patients with congenital cataract or developmental cataract were included. The patients with traumatic cataract, cataract secondary to uveitis, radiation or drugs, aphakic or pseudophakic patients who underwent surgery in another hospital, patients with glaucoma, non-lenticular leukocorias (retinoblastoma, retinopathy of prematurity, prelenticular leukocorias), and lens subluxation were excluded from the study. The following outcomes were evaluated: frequency of chronological, etiological, and morphological features, laterality, and occurrence of associated strabismus. Results: A total of 207 patients were included. One hundred and seventeen patients (56.5%) had congenital cataract and 90 patients (43.5%) had developmental cataract. One hundred and nine patients (52.6%) had unilateral cataract. In terms of morphology, 72 children (33.8%) had zonular cataract and 66 (31.9%) had total cataract. Idiopathic cataract affected 150 patients (72.5%). There were 108 patients (52.2%) with strabismus, mainly secondary esotropia. Conclusion: Idiopathic etiology was the most frequent cause in this group of patients. Zonular cataract was the main morphological type of cataract in the study. Unilateral cataract occurred more frequently in patients with persistent fetal vasculature (PFV). Strabismus presented in 52% of the patients. The current analysis may help establish an earlier and more accurate diagnosis of pediatric cataracts. .


Objetivos: Avaliar as frequências do estrabismo e as características cronológica, etiológica e morfológica das cataratas pediátricas. Método: Estudo retrospectivo dos prontuários de crianças atendidas no Ambulatório de Catarata Congênita do Departamento de Oftalmologia da Universidade Federal de São Paulo no período entre 2001 e 2011. Foram incluídos pacientes com diagnóstico de catarata congênita ou de desenvolvimento. Foram excluídos os pacientes com catarata traumática; secundárias a uveíte, radiação ou medicamentos; pacientes operados em outro serviço; pacientes com glaucoma; leucocorias não cristalinianas (retinoblastoma, retinopatia da prematuridade, leucocorias pré-cristalinianas), e com sub-luxação do cristalino. Foram avaliadas: as frequências cronológicas, etiológicas e morfológicas das cataratas; a lateralidade e a ocorrência de estrabismo associado nestes pacientes. Resultados: Foram incluídos 207 pacientes. Cento e dezessete (56,5%) apresentavam catarata congênita e 90 (43,5%) apresentavam catarata de desenvolvimento. Cento e nove (52,6%) pacientes eram portadores de catarata unilateral. Quanto à morfologia, 72 crianças (33,8%) apresentavam catarata zonular e 66 (31,9%) apresentavam catarata total. A etiologia idiopática foi a mais frequente (72,5%) afetando 150 pacientes. Foram observados 108 pacientes (52,2%) com estrabismo associado, especialmente endotropias secundárias. Conclusões: A etiologia idiopática foi a mais frequente neste estudo. O tipo morfológico zonular foi o mais frequentemente diagnosticado. Cataratas unilaterais ocorreram mais frequentemente em pacientes com persistência da vasculatura fetal. O estrabismo associado ocorreu em 52% dos pacientes. A análise dos resultados deste estudo pode ...


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Cataract/complications , Cataract/pathology , Strabismus/etiology , Strabismus/pathology , Age of Onset , Cataract/congenital , Cataract/physiopathology , Medical Records , Retrospective Studies , Strabismus/physiopathology , Time Factors , Visual Acuity/physiology
9.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 77(2): 71-75, Mar-Apr/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-716265

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To assess the postoperative outcomes of a novel toric multifocal in traocular lens (IOL) in patients with cataract and corneal astigmatism. Methods: This prospective nonrandomized study included patients with cataract, corneal astigmatism, and a motivation for spectacle independence. In all patients, a Rayner M-flex® T toric IOL was implanted in the capsular bag. Three months after surgery, the distance, intermediate, and near visual acuities; spherical equivalent; residual refractive astigmatism; defocus curve; and contrast sensitivity were evaluated. A patient satisfaction and visual phenomena questionnaire was administered to all patients. Results: Thirty-four eyes of 18 patients were included in this study. Three months after surgery, the mean corrected distance visual acuity (logMAR) was 0.00 ± 0.08 at 6 m, 0.20 ± 0.09 at 70 cm, and 0.08 ± 0.11 at 40 cm. Uncorrected distance vision acuity was 20/40 or better in 100% eyes. The preoperative mean refractive cylinder (RC) was -2.19 (SD: ± 0.53). After a 3-month follow-up, the average RC was -0.44 D (SD: ± 0.27; p<0.001). Contrast sensitivity levels were high. At the last follow-up, 87.5% patients were spectacle-independent for near, intermediate, and distance vision, and approximately 44% patients reported halos and glare. Conclusion: Toric multifocal IOL implantation in patients with cataract and corneal astigmatism using the Rayner M-flex® T toric IOL was a simple, safe, and accurate option. This technology provides surgeons with a feasible option for meeting patient expectations of an enhanced lifestyle resulting from decreased spectacle dependence. .


Objetivo: Avaliar o resultado pós-operatório de uma nova lente intraocular (LIO) multifocal tórica implantada em pacientes com catarata e astigmatismo corneano. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo não randomizado envolvendo pacientes com catarata, astigmatismo corneano, e motivação para eliminar a dependência dos óculos. Em todos os casos, a lente intraocular tórica Rayner M-flex® T foi implantada dentro do saco capsular. Três meses pós-operatório foram avaliados: acuidade visual para longe, intermediário e perto; equivalente esférico; astigmatismo refracional residual; curva de defocus e sensibilidade ao contraste. Ao final do estudo um questionário referente à satisfação visual foi aplicado. Resultados: Trinta e quatro olhos de 18 pacientes foram incluídos no estudo. Após 3 meses de pós-operatório, a acuidade visual corrigida para longe (logMAR) era de 0,00 ± 0,08 a 6 m, 0,20 ± 0,09 a 70 cm e 0,08 ± 0,11 a 40 cm. A acuidade visual sem correcão foi de 20/40, ou melhor, em 100% dos olhos. A média do cilindro refracional pré-operatório era de -2,19 (DP: ± 0,53). Após o seguimento de 3 meses a média do cilindro refracional era de -0,44 D (DP: ± 0,27) (p<0,001). Os níveis de sensibilidade ao contraste foram elevados. Ao final do seguimento, 87,5% dos pacientes estavam independentes dos óculos para perto, intermediário e para longe, e aproximadamente 44% dos pacientes relatavam halos e glare. Conclusão: O implante de uma lente intraocular multifocal em pacientes com catarata e astigmatismo corneano utilizando a lente intraocular tórica Rayner M-flex® T foi uma opção simples, segura e acurada. Essa nova tecnologia oferece ao cirurgião uma maneira passível de se atingir as expectativas dos pacientes em relação ...


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Astigmatism/surgery , Cataract Extraction/methods , Cataract/complications , Lenses, Intraocular , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/methods , Astigmatism/complications , Cataract/physiopathology , Contrast Sensitivity/physiology , Patient Satisfaction , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Visual Acuity/physiology
10.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2011 Sept; 59(5): 347-351
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-136203

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To study the outcome of in-the-bag implanted square-edge polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) intraocular lenses (IOL) with and without primary posterior capsulotomy in pediatric traumatic cataract. Materials and Methods: The study was undertaken in a tertiary care center. Thirty eyes of 30 children ranging in age from 4 to 16 years with traumatic cataract which underwent cataract extraction with capsular bag implantation of IOL were prospectively evaluated. Group A included 15 eyes of 15 children where primary posterior capsulotomy (PPC) and anterior vitrectomy with capsular bag implantation of square-edge PMMA IOL (Aurolab SQ3602, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India) was performed. Group B comprised 15 eyes of 15 children in which the posterior capsule was left intact. Postoperative visual acuity, visual axis opacification (VAO) and possible complications were analyzed. Results: Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/40 or better was achieved in 12 of 15 eyes in both groups. Amblyopia was the cause of no improvement in visual acuity in the remaining eyes. Visual axis opacification was significantly high in Group B as compared to Group A (P=0.001). Postoperative fibrinous uveitis occurred in most of the eyes in both groups. Pupillary capture was observed in one eye in each group. Conclusion: Primary posterior capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy with capsular bag implantation of square-edge PMMA significantly helps to maintain a clear visual axis in children with traumatic cataract.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Cataract/etiology , Cataract/physiopathology , Child , Child, Preschool , Eye Injuries/complications , Eye Injuries/diagnosis , Eye Injuries/surgery , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Lens Capsule, Crystalline/surgery , Lenses, Intraocular , Male , Polymethyl Methacrylate , Prospective Studies , Prosthesis Design , Treatment Outcome , Visual Acuity
11.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2011 July; 59(4): 287-290
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-136191

ABSTRACT

Context: Glutathione depletion has been postulated to be the prime reason for galactose cataract. The current research seeks the prospect of targeting erythrocytes to pursue the lens metabolism by studying the glutathione system. Aims: To study the activity of the glutathione-linked scavenger enzyme system in the erythrocyte and lens of rats with cataract. Materials and Methods: Experiments were conducted in 36 male albino rats weighing 80 ± 20 g of 28 days of age. The rats were divided into two major groups, viz. experimental and control. Six rats in each group were sacrificed every 10 days, for 30 days. Cataract was induced in the experimental group by feeding the rats 30% galactose (w/w). The involvement of reduced glutathione (GSH) and the linked enzymes was studied in the erythrocytes and lens of cataractous as well as control rats. Statistical Analysis: Parametric tests like one-way ANOVA and Student's ‘t’ test were used for comparison. Correlation linear plot was used to compare the erythrocyte and lens metabolism. Results: Theconcentration of GSH and the activity of linked enzymes were found decreased with the progression of cataract, and also in comparison to the control. The same linear fashion was also observed in the erythrocytes. Conclusion: Depletion of GSH was the prime factor for initiating galactose cataract in the rat model. This depletion may in turn result in enzyme inactivation leading to cross-linking of protein and glycation. The correlation analysis specifies that the biochemical mechanism in the erythrocytes and lens is similar in the rat model.


Subject(s)
Animal Feed , Animals , Cataract/chemically induced , Cataract/physiopathology , Disease Progression , Erythrocytes/metabolism , Galactose/administration & dosage , Glutathione/metabolism , Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism , Glutathione Reductase/metabolism , Glutathione Transferase/metabolism , Lens, Crystalline/metabolism , Male , Rats
12.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 74(2): 110-113, Mar.-Apr. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-593132

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To compare the clinical classification of cataract using the Lens Opacities Classification System (LOCS) III with the mean values of lens density provided by the Pentacam Scheimpflug System in nuclear cataracts. METHODS: One hundred and one eyes from 101 patients with age-related nuclear cataract were submitted to clinical examination for lens grading score using LOCS III. According to LOCS III, nuclear opalescence was divided in six groups. Patients were evaluated by the Pentacam Scheimpflug System for the mean lens density using the Pentacam lens densitometry program (PLDP), the Pentacam Nucleus Staging (PNS) mean value and the PNS cataract grading score. RESULTS: A positive correlation between the mean values of lens density and LOCS III classification, considering groups 1 to 5, could be noticed with PLDP and PNS mean value. The mean values between the groups were similar using the PLDP and the PNS mean value. However, when the PNS cataract grading score was evaluated, there was low correspondence with LOCS III classification. CONCLUSION: Pentacam Scheimpflug device offers an objective measure of the lens nuclear density on nuclear cataracts. PLDP and the PNS mean value were both useful to evaluate age-related nuclear cataract up to LOCS III group 5.


OBJETIVO: Comparar a classificação clínica de catarata nuclear, utilizando o Lens Opacities Classification System (LOCS) III, e o valores médios de densidade nuclear fornecido pelo sistema Pentacam Sheimpflug. MÉTODOS: Cento e um pacientes (101 olhos) com diagnóstico de catarata nuclear senil foram submetidos a exame clínico para graduação da opalescência nuclear de acordo com o LOCS III e divididos em seis grupos de acordo com a mesma. Os pacientes foram posteriormente avaliados pelo sistema Pentacam Scheimpflug para obtenção do valor médio de densidade fornecido pelo programa de densitometria cristaliniana do aparelho (PLDP), valor médio de densidade calculado pelo Pentacam Nucleus Staging software (PNS) e o escore de graduação de catarata nuclear fornecido pelo PNS. RESULTADOS: Observou-se uma correlação positiva entre os valores médios de densidade cristaliniana fornecidos pelo PLDP e PNS e a classificação clínica LOCS III, considerando os grupos 1 ao 5. Os valores médios de densidade nuclear de cada grupo foram similares utilizando dados do PLDP e PNS. Entretanto, quando foi analisado o escore de graduação da catarata fornecido pelo PNS foi observada uma baixa correspondência com a classificação LOCS III. CONCLUSÃO: O Pentacam Scheimpflug oferece uma medida objetiva da densidade nuclear cristaliniana em cataratas nucleares. Os valores médios de densidade nuclear fornecidos pelo PLDP e PNS foram úteis na avaliação de catarata nuclear senil até o grupo 5 da classificação LOCS III.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cataract/classification , Densitometry/instrumentation , Lens Nucleus, Crystalline/physiopathology , Analysis of Variance , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cataract/physiopathology , Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological/instrumentation , Software , Statistics, Nonparametric
13.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 73(5): 399-404, Sept.-Oct. 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-570498

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Verificar em dois grupos de pacientes com visão monocular (grupo 1) e com visão binocular (grupo 2), a serem submetidos à cirurgia de catarata num hospital universitário, opiniões em relação ao problema ocular, à qualidade da visão e à cirurgia de catarata. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado estudo transversal e comparativo, de forma consecutiva, por meio de questionário estruturado, aplicado por entrevista a pacientes, elaborado a partir de estudo exploratório e medidas acuidade visual e causa da perda visual. RESULTADOS: A amostra foi constituída por 96 indivíduos do grupo 1 (50,0 por cento homens; 50,0 por cento mulheres, com idade entre 41 e 91 anos, média 69,3 anos ± 10,4 anos) e 110, do grupo 2 (40,9 por cento homens; 59,1 por cento mulheres, com idade entre 40 e 89 anos, média 68,2 anos ± 10,2 anos). A maioria dos indivíduos de ambos os grupos apresentava baixa escolaridade. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos em relação ao sexo (p=0,191), à idade (p=0,702) e à escolaridade (p=0,245). Não exerciam atividade laboral 95,8 por cento dos indivíduos do grupo 1 e 83,6 por cento, do grupo 2 (p=0,005) e 30,4 por cento do grupo 1 mencionaram não ter possibilidade de trabalhar por causa da deficiência visual. Observou-se acuidade visual do olho a ser operado menor que 0,05 em 40,6 por cento (grupo 1) e 33,6 por cento (grupo 2), entre 0,25 e 0,05. Quase a totalidade dos indivíduos de ambos os grupos afirmou ter dificuldade para realização das atividades de vida diária e qualificou como insuficiente a respectiva acuidade visual; 71,9 por cento dos entrevistados do grupo 1 e 71,6 por cento, do grupo 2 mencionaram saber a causa da visão fraca; desses, 87,1 por cento do grupo 1 e 83,3 por cento do grupo 2 referiram a catarata como causa da baixa acuidade visual. CONCLUSÃO: Os indivíduos de ambos os grupos tiveram acesso à cirurgia de catarata com acuidade visual menor do que a idealmente indicada; os pacientes com visão monocular apresentaram acuidade visual significativamente menor em relação aos com visão binocular; a maioria dos entrevistados de ambos os grupos referiu dificuldades para realizar atividades cotidianas como consequência da baixa visão; muitos indivíduos de ambos os grupos desconheciam a causa da dificuldade visual ou a atribuíram a outra causa que não a catarata.


PURPOSE: To verify in two groups of patients: monocular (group 1) and binocular vision (group 2) to be submitted to cataract surgery at an University Hospital, opinions, expectances and emotional reactions related to the ocular problem, to the quality of vision and to cataract surgery. METHODS: A transversal comparative and consecutive study was performed using a structured questionnaire applied by patients interview. The questionnaire was elaborated from a previous exploratory study; visual acuity and cause of the visual loss were evaluated. RESULTS: The sample was constituted by 96 persons of group 1 (50.0 percent male; 50.0 percent female, ages ranging from 41 to 91 years; average 69.3 years ± 10.4 years) and 110 persons of group 2 (40.9 percent male; 59.1 percent female, ages ranging from 40 to 89 years; average 68.2 years ± 10.2 years). The majority of persons of both groups presented low educational level. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in relation to gender (p=0.191), age (p=0.702) and educational level (p=0.245). No work activity was mentioned in 95.8 percent of the persons of group 1 and 83.6 percent of group 2 (p=0.005) and 30.4 percent of group 1 informed the impossibility to work due the visual impairment. Visual acuity of the eye to be operated was less than 0.05 in 40.6 percent (group 1) and in 33,6 percent (group 2), presented visual acuity ranging from 0.05 to 0.25. Almost the totality of the persons of both groups informed difficulties to perform activities of daily life and qualified as insufficient their visual acuities; 71.9 percent of the patients of group 1 and 71.6 percent of group 2 informed to know the reason of low vision; among these, 87.1 percent of group 1 and 83.3 percent of group 2 mentioned cataract as the reason of low visual acuity. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the patients of both groups were submitted to cataract surgery with visual acuities less than the visual ...


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cataract Extraction/statistics & numerical data , Cataract/psychology , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Vision, Binocular/physiology , Vision, Monocular/physiology , Visual Acuity/physiology , Activities of Daily Living/psychology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cataract Extraction/psychology , Cataract/etiology , Cataract/physiopathology , Treatment Outcome
14.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 73(3): 244-249, jun. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-555065

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Utilizar o retinômetro de Heine Lambda 100 para avaliar a relação da acuidade visual obtida no pré-operatório de cirurgia de catarata com a acuidade visual obtida 3 meses no pós-operatório com correção óptica, bem como, sua correlação com a classificação morfológica dominante da catarata e com a intensidade da opacificação quando do tipo nuclear. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo prospectivo realizado no Hospital Oftalmológico Visão Laser, em Santos, envolvendo 121 olhos de 70 pacientes avaliados de abril a julho 2009, submetidos à cirurgia de catarata sob a técnica de facoemulsificação com implante de lente intraocular. No período pré-operatório, foi realizado o retinômetro de Heine sob midríase e seu resultado foi comparado à melhor acuidade visual pós-operatória do terceiro mês e correlacionado com a classificação morfológica da catarata, quando do tipo nuclear, sendo denominado satisfatório aquele resultado que não variou mais do que duas linhas na tabela de Snellen. Resultados: Os resultados satisfatórios em nosso estudo foram de 86,78 por cento, apresentando resultados de acuidade visual com retinômetro de Heine igual ao resultado da acuidade visual pós-operatória em 34,7 por cento. A opacidade predominantemente nuclear N1+ tem um porcentual de acerto maior do que N2+ e N3+ (50 por cento, 31,3 por cento e 26,7 por cento, respectivamente). Em relação ao total de olhos, observamos um teste extremamente significante (p<0,0001). Conclusão: O retinômetro de Heine hipoestimou ou manteve a acuidade visual pós-operatória corrigida após 3 meses dos pacientes submetidos à facectomia, na maioria dos casos. Ao correlacionar com a classificação morfológica da catarata, observamos que, quanto maior a opacidade do cristalino do tipo nuclear, maior a hipoestimação da acuidade visual.


Purpose: To assess the relationship between potential visual acuity obtained before cataract surgery using Heine Lambda 100 retinometer with best corrected visual acuity 3 months postoperatively, as well as its correlation with the morphological pattern of the dominant cataract and the intensity of nuclear opacification. Methods: Prospective study executed in the Ophthalmology Hospital Laser Vision in Santos of 121 eyes of 70 patients who underwent cataract surgery (phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation), from April to July, 2009. In the preoperative period, Heine retinometer test was performed under mydriasis and its results were compared to postoperative best corrected visual acuity three months after surgery and correlated with the morphological classification of cataracts, being considered a satisfactory result those who did not vary more than two lines in Snellen chart. Results: The satisfactory cases found in our study were 86.78 percent, with results of visual acuity with Heine retinometer equal to the postoperative visual acuity in 34.7 percent of the cases. Predominant nuclear opacity N1+ has a higher reliability than N2+ and N3+ (50 percent, 31.3 percent and 26.7 percent, respectively). Regarding all studied eyes, statistical significance was noted (p<0.0001). Conclusion: In most cases Heine retinometer underestimated or maintained best corrected visual acuity 3 months postoperatively in patients who underwent cataract surgery. With respect to the morphological classification of cataracts, the higher the opacity of the nuclear lens, the greater the visual acuity underestimation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cataract/physiopathology , Phacoemulsification , Vision Tests/instrumentation , Visual Acuity/physiology , Lens Implantation, Intraocular , Postoperative Period , Preoperative Period , Prospective Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Treatment Outcome
15.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 23(supl.1): 494-503, 2010.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-615586

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Identificar las principales características clínicas y epidemiológicas de los pacientes portadores de catarata senil en el periodo preoperatorio. MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo en pacientes operados de catarata senil, seleccionados de forma aleatoria, entre junio 2006 y junio 2007, en el Hospital Clinicoquirúrgico Docente Dr Salvador Allende. Se analizaron edad, sexo, enfermedades sistémicas y oculares asociadas, agudeza visual preoperatoria y ametropías asociadas. RESULTADOS: El 68,58 por ciento de los casos tenía edades entre 70 y 79 años, sin diferencias de sexo. El 92,94 por ciento presentaba alguna enfermedad sistémica asociada, con predominio de hipertensión arterial (44,9 por ciento) y Diabetes Mellitus. Entre las oculares, fueron más frecuentes la lesión del nervio óptico (25,64 por ciento) y el glaucoma crónico (21,15 por ciento). La visión preoperatoria predominante fue 0,1 (25,64 por ciento), mientras que la miopía (72,41 por ciento) y el astigmatismo (61,64 por ciento) fueron más frecuentes en pacientes con catarata nuclear (72,41 por ciento) y la hipermetropía (66,66 por ciento) en aquellos con catarata subcapsular. CONCLUSIONES: Predominó el grupo etario de 70 a 74 años, sin distinción por sexo. La hipertensión arterial fue la enfermedad sistémica más frecuente y, entre las oculares, las alteraciones del nervio óptico. La agudeza visual preoperatoria que predominó fue de 0,1. La miopía y el astigmatismo se asociaron con la catarata de tipo nuclear y la hipermetropía con la subcapsular


OBJECTIVE: To identify the main clinical and epidemic characteristics of the patient with senile cataract in the preoperative period. METHODS: A descriptive and retrospective study was conducted in patients operated from senile cataract, who were randomly selected in the period of June 2006 to June 2007 at Dr Salvador Allende teaching hospital. Age, sex, related systemic and ocular diseases, preoperative visual acuity and associated refraction errors were analyzed. RESULTS: The 70-79 years age prevailed in 68.58 percent of the cases without sex differences. The associated systemic disease was seen in 92.94 percent of patients, with blood hypertension (44.9 percent) and diabetes mellitus being predominant. Among the ocular disorders, the optic nerve lesion (25.64 percent) and the Chronic Glaucoma (21.15 percent) were the most frequent problems. The predominant preoperative vision was 0,1 (25.64 percent) whereas myopia (72.41 percent) and astigmatism (61,64 percent) were more common in patients with nuclear Cataract (72.41 percent) and hypermetropia (66.66 percent) was mostly found in those affected by subcapsular cataract. CONCLUSIONS: The prevailing age group was 70 to 74 years regardless of sex. The blood hypertension was the most frequent systemic disease, and the optic nerve alterations in the ocular disorders. The preoperative visual acuity was 0.1. Myopia and astigmatism were associated to the nuclear cataract and hypermetropia to subcapsular cataract


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cataract/epidemiology , Cataract/physiopathology , Geriatric Assessment/methods , Needs Assessment , Preoperative Care , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies
16.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 72(5): 645-649, set.-out. 2009. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-534184

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To determine interocular grating acuity difference in children treated for unilateral infantile cataract. METHODS: A group of 27 children previously treated for unilateral infantile cataract, had their monocular visual acuity measured by sweep visual evoked potentials. Interocular grating acuity difference was calculated as the absolute subtraction of monocular acuity scores. Lens status, opacity severity and eye alignment were considered for analysis. RESULTS: Mean interocular grating acuity difference obtained from unilateral cataract patients was 0.58 ± 0.20 logMAR. This result was significantly larger than 0.10 logMAR used as normative data. Children with severe opacities had a more pronounced amblyopia than the moderate ones. No significant correlation between amblyopia and strabismus or aphakia was found. CONCLUSIONS: Interocular acuity difference in this group of unilateral congenital cataract was more pronounced than previous reports, mainly because of delay in diagnosis, surgery and optical correction.


OBJETIVOS: Determinar a diferença interocular da acuidade visual de resolução de grades em crianças operadas de catarata congênita unilateral. MÉTODOS: Um grupo de 27 pacientes operados de catarata congênita unilateral tiveram mensurada sua acuidade visual monocular pelo potencial visual evocado de varredura. A diferença interocular foi calculada pela subtração absoluta das acuidades monoculares. A intensidade da opacificação, implante ou não de lente intraocular e presença de estrabismo foram consideradas para análise. RESULTADOS: A média da diferença interocular foi de 0,58 ± 0,20 logMAR. Esse resultado foi significantemente maior que 0,10 logMAR, valor considerado como média normal nos estudos normativos. Crianças com opacidades intensas tiveram ambliopia mais pronunciada que os casos moderados. Não houve correlação significante entre a intensidade da ambliopia com estrabismo e afacia. CONCLUSÕES: A diferença interocular nesse grupo de crianças operadas de catarata congênita unilateral foi muito mais pronunciada que artigos prévios, provavelmente pelos atrasos no diagnóstico, intervenção cirúrgica e correção óptica.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Amblyopia/physiopathology , Cataract , Cataract Extraction/adverse effects , Vision, Monocular/physiology , Visual Acuity/physiology , Amblyopia/etiology , Cataract/congenital , Cataract/physiopathology , Evoked Potentials, Visual
17.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health ; 2007 May; 38(3): 582-5
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-34205

ABSTRACT

Ascorbic acid in aqueous humor of the eye has a role as an antioxidant in delaying cataract formation. In a cross-sectional comparative study, ascorbic acid levels from aqueous humor and venous blood obtained from patients with cataracts in mountainous regions (1,300-2,000 meters) and subtropical lowlands (<100 meters) of Nepal were measured spectrophotometrically with the objective of comparing the levels of aqueous humor ascorbic acid in patients with cataracts from these two diverse geographical regions. Of 131 patients included in the study, 59 were from the mountainous region of Nepal (Group A) and 72 were from the subtropical lowlands (Group B). The mean (+/- SD) plasma ascorbic acid level (mg%) of the subjects in Group A was 0.65 (+/- 0.20) and Group B was 0.85 (+/- 0.31). The aqueous ascorbic acid levels ranged from 12-28 mg % (mean +/-SD = 17.5+/-4.52) and 14-50 mg % (mean +/-SD =23.47+/-8.66) in Groups A and B, respectively. The difference of the plasma and aqueous humor ascorbic acid levels between the two groups was statistically significant (p<0.01). The plasma and aqueous humor ascorbic acid levels in the people with cataracts from the mountainous region of Nepal were significantly lower than those from subtropical lowlands. This may be because of the effect of high altitude and ultraviolet rays on ascorbic acid metabolism.


Subject(s)
Altitude , Aqueous Humor/metabolism , Ascorbic Acid/analysis , Cataract/physiopathology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Humans , Nepal , Tropical Climate
18.
Arch. chil. oftalmol ; 64(1/2): 107-116, 2007. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-665145

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar la utilidad del monitoreo de las cirugías de catarata en un servicio publico para evaluar las causas de mala visión. Material y Método: Estudio retrospectivo de pacientes operados de catarata en el Hospital Clínico Regional de Concepción, durante el mes de abril de los años 2005, 2006 y 2007. Para su análisis se uso programa "Monitoring Cataract Outcome". Resultados: De un total de 225 cirugías se analizaron 180 fichas (80 por ciento). El 57 por ciento fueron mujeres, un 82,2 por ciento mayor de 60 años y un 21 por ciento tiene patología ocular asociada. Se realizó en un 91 por ciento facoemulsificación, un 96 por ciento con implante de LIO y en un 14 por ciento se consignan complicaciones quirúrgicas. La agudeza visual mejoro con el tiempo, lográndose un 86,2 por ciento una mejor visión corregida mayor a 5/15 y un 8,8 por ciento terminó con una visión menor a 5/50. Esta mala visión esta asociado a una patología previa como retinopatía diabética (28 por ciento) o Glaucoma (21 por ciento). Un 88 por ciento completo seguimiento mayor de 8 semanas. Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos en el monitoreo de catarata son cercanos a los resultados sugeridos por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. No debemos descuidar la selección de casos y mejorar la agudeza visual final de presentación con una adecuada biometría y receta de lentes.


Onjective: To determine the usefulness, of cataract surgery monitoring in a public health system to evaluated causes of poor vision. Material and Method: A retrospective study of patients who underwent cataract surgery in "Hospital Regional de Concepción-Chile", during April 2005, 2006 and 2007. For the analysis the "Cataract Outcome" program was used. Results: Out of 225 procedures, 180 cases were analyzed (80 percent). 57 percent were women; 82.2 percent older than 60 years old and a 21 percent have some kind of ocular disease associated. 91 percent underwent facomulsification, 96 percent with IOL implantation and we had 14 percent surgical complications. Visual acuity improved with time, 86.2 percent of patients obtained vision greater to 6/18 (corrected visual acuity) and only 8.8 percent ended up with less than 6/60. This poor vision outcome was related to existing ocular diseases such as diabetic Retinopathy (28 percent) or Glaucoma (21 percent). 88 percent of the cases completed the 8 weeks or more follow-up. Conclusions: The results obtained by the cataract monitoring are close to the results suggested by the World-wide Organization of the Health. We should not neglect the case selection process and we should improve the final visual acuity with a proper biometry and lens prescription.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Visual Acuity/physiology , Cataract/physiopathology , Cataract Extraction/statistics & numerical data , Chile , Eye Health Services , Phacoemulsification/statistics & numerical data , Glaucoma/epidemiology , Hospitals, Public , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/statistics & numerical data , Medical Records , Postoperative Period , Diabetic Retinopathy/epidemiology , Treatment Outcome
19.
Rev. oftalmol. venez ; 61(3): 147-152, jul.-sept. 2005. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-517145

ABSTRACT

Evaluar si la remoción de la membrana limitante interna (MLI) en la cirugía de agujero macular idiopático mejora los resultados anatómicos y funcionales de la cirugía. Estudio comparativo retrospectivo, no randomizado, sobre 10 ojos de 10 pacientes con agujero macular estadio III y IV de Gass, operados todos ellos con la misma técnica. En 5 ojos se realizó remoción de la MLI (grupo A) y en los otros 5 sin remoción de la MLI (grupo B). Se evalua la recuperación anatómica y funcional, y las complicaciones de la cirugía en ambos grupos. De los 10 ojos operados se consigue la recuperación anatómica (cierre del agujero) en el 80 por ciento (8 ojos). En el grupo A la recuperación anatómica fue del 100 por ciento los casos, y del 60 por ciento en el grupo B (p=0,016). De todos los ojos operados mejoraron la agudeza visual en una o más líneas de Snellen, 6 ojos (60 por ciento). Se observó mejoría de la agudeza visual en 3 de los 5 ojos del grupo A (60 por ciento), y en el 3 de los 5 ojos del grupo B (60 por ciento). Las complicaciones más importantes fueron el desprendimiento de retina en dos casos del grupo A y un caso del grupo B, la catarata y los cambios a nivel del epitelio pigmentario de retina. En nuestra experiencia la remoción de la MLI en la cirugía del agujero macular mejora los resultados anatómicos, pero no la agudeza visual final. Otros estudios que incluyan un mayor número de pacientes son necesarios para comparar esta técnica de tratamiento con las técnicas convencionales en cuanto a la mejoría de agudeza visual final.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Visual Acuity/physiology , Cataract/physiopathology , Myopia, Degenerative/pathology , Retinal Perforations/surgery , Retinal Perforations/pathology , Retinal Perforations/therapy , Macular Degeneration/surgery
20.
Arq. ciênc. vet. zool. UNIPAR ; 8(1): 57-61, jan.-jun. 2005. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-431999

ABSTRACT

A catarata é reconhecida como qualquer opacificação da lente e seu tratamento é cirúrgico. A pressão intra-ocular é dada pelo equilíbrio entre a entrada e saída de humor aquoso nas câmaras anterior e posterior do olho. Este artigo traz uma revisão a respeito das implicações da catarata e de seu tratamento cirúrgico sobre a pressão intra-ocular, bem como discute os métodos indicados para controle e manutenção da pressão intra-ocular em cães.


ABSTRACT: Cataract is a disease recognized as any lens opacifi cation and its treatment is surgical. The intra-ocular pressure is given by the balance between the entrance and the exit of aqueous humor in the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye. This article presents a review about the implications of cataract and its surgical treatment on the intra-ocular pressure, as well as it discuss the indicated methods for control and maintenance of the intra-ocular pressure in dogs.


RESUMEN: La catarata es una enfermedad reconocida como cualquier opacidad del cristalino, y su tratamiento es quirúrgico. La presión intraocular es debida al equilibrio entre la entrada y la salida del humor acuoso en las cámaras anterior y posterior del ojo. Este artículo presenta una revisión a respecto de las implicaciones de la catarata y de su tratamiento quirúrgico sobre la presión intraocular, así como discute los métodos para control y manutención de la presión intraocular en perros.


Subject(s)
Intraocular Pressure , Cataract/physiopathology , Cataract/veterinary , Surgery, Veterinary/methods , Phacoemulsification/methods , Phacoemulsification/veterinary , Eye Diseases/surgery , Eye Diseases/complications , Glaucoma/complications , Uveitis/complications
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